Consumer Math - MCSD Mathematics Curriculum Information

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Consumer Math Planned Instruction
Title of Planned Instruction: Consumer Math
Subject Area: Mathematics Grade Level: Grade 11-12
Prerequisites: Math Skills II with teacher recommendation Course Description: This course continues the strengthening of basic mathematical skills started in Math Skills I and II coupled with the additional focus of applications of real-life situations. It provides students with daily opportunities to develop, experience, and apply mathematical concepts and skills in order to become confident problem solvers in their world. Required Time: 180 days Major Text(s) and Resources:
	Consumer Mathematics, Copyright 1989 by Prentice Hall
Names of District Subject Area Curriculum Writing Committee:
	Richard A. Keefer - Lewistown High School Ivy Y. Stauffer - Indian Valley High School
Date of Board Approval: July 24, 2003

Major Topics
Formulas Algebraic systems and linear functions Applications and problem solving Geometry and trigonometry	Statistics Calculus concepts Probability
*Course Objectives and Performance Indicators*

Strand: 2.1 Standard: Numbers, Number Systems and Number Relationships Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.1.11A	Use operations.	Add, subtract, multiply, and divide real numbers with or without the use of a calculator.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.2 Standard: Computation and Estimation Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.2.11A	Develop and use computation concepts, operations and procedures with real numbers in problem-solving situations.	Solve problem situations that contain real numbers by applying computation concepts and skills. Using known formulas solve problem situations that pertain to those formulas.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.2.11B	Use estimation to solve problems for which an exact answer is not needed.	Use rounding numbers or other estimating techniques to find answers to problems that do not require an exact answer.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.2.11D	Describe and explain the amount of error that may exist in a computation using estimates.	Compare an estimated answer with an exact answer from the same situation by finding the difference. Explain and show how different estimating techniques will change the amount of error in a computation.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.2.11E	Recognize that the degree of precision needed in calculating a number depends on how the results will be used to generate the measure.	Knowing the problem situation, correctly determine the number of decimal places in the answer or the form that the answer should take (e.g., decimal, fraction, percent).	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.2.11F	Demonstrate skills for using scientific calculators.	Correctly use scientific calculators when given the opportunity.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.3 Standard: Measurement and Estimation Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.3.11A	Select and use appropriate units to the degree of accuracy required in particular measurement situations.	Determine whether linear units, square units, cubic units, or a combination of units are appropriate in a given problem situation.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.3.11B	Measure and use angles in degrees.	Measure angles using a protractor. Draw angles to a given degree with respect to a budget problem.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.3.11C	Demonstrate the ability to produce measures with specified levels of precision.	Determine measurements to the level of precision in the given situation.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.4 Standard: Mathematical Reasoning and Connections Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.4.11B	Construct valid arguments from stated facts.	Given a problem situation’s facts, find a valid solution to the problem by listing the logical sequence of steps. Solve a multi-step equation using valid properties of equality. Use the problem solving process: "facts, plan, solve, and check."	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.4.11C	Determine the validity of an argument.	Determine if the solution to a problem situation is valid.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.4.11E	Demonstrate mathematical solutions to problems.	Use algebraic and geometric techniques to solve problems involving real- life situations. Use any problem solving technique to solve problem situations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.5 Standard: Mathematical Problem Solving and Communication Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.5.11A	Select and use appropriate mathematical concepts and techniques from different areas of mathematics and apply them to solving non-routine and multi-step problems.	Solve real life problems by using appropriate mathematical concepts and techniques.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.5.11B	Use symbols, mathematical terminology, standard notation, mathematical rules, graphing and other types of mathematical representations to communicate observations, predictions, concepts, procedures, generalizations, ideas and results.	Communicate the facts, question, plan, actual solving steps, and the solution to a problem situation using correct and appropriate mathematical representations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.5.11C	Present mathematical procedures and results clearly, systematically, succinctly and correctly.	Show the sequence of all the steps in the process of solving various linear and non-linear multi-step problems. Clearly label all results with correct units.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.5.11D	Conclude a solution process with a summary of results and evaluate the degree to which the results obtained represent an acceptable response to the initial problem and why the reasoning is valid.	Explain how a problem was solved and why the chosen procedures were used. Check the solution to a problem situation for accuracy and to see if the solution makes sense.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.6 Standard: Statistics and Data Analysis Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.6.11A	Design and conduct an experiment using random sampling. Describe the data as an example of a distribution using statistical measures of center and spread. Organize and represent the results with graphs.	Design and conduct an experiment using random sampling while calculating the average daily balance for credit cards. Find statistical measures of center and spread. Organize and represent the results of the random sampling with graphs.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.6.11B	Use appropriate technology to organize and analyze data taken from the local community.	Organize local data by making graphs. Find statistical measures of center and spread. Organize data by constructing a circle budget graph.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.6.11E	Determine the validity of the sampling method described in a given study.	List reasons why (or why not) a sampling method is valid.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.6.11F	Determine the degree of dependence of two quantities specified by a two-way table.	Determine the relationship between two sets of data (e.g., high positive, low positive, high negative, low negative, or no relationship).	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.6.11G	Describe questions of experimental design.	Create questions that would assist in the selection of the appropriate sample group. Create questions that could be used to sample a population.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.6.11H	Use sampling techniques to draw inferences about large populations.	Use sampling information to make predictions about the whole population.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.6.11I	Describe the normal curve and use its properties to answer questions about sets of data that are assumed to be normally distributed.	Describe how the normal curve fits a set of data. Use the properties of a normal curve to find answers to questions about sets of data that fit the normal curve.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.7 Standard: Probability and Predictions Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.7.11A	Compare more complex odds and probability.	Determine the number of combinations or permutations for an event and use the information to find and compare probabilities for similar situations. Compare odds for similar situations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.7.11B	Apply probability and statistics to perform an experiment involving a sample and generalize its results to the entire population.	Make generalizations for an entire population based on a single data sample of the population and the appropriate calculations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.7.11C	Draw and justify a conclusion regarding the validity of a probability or statistical argument	Compare the calculated results of a probability or statistical problem situation with the actual results. Explain why differences between calculated and actual results might exist.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.7.11D	Use experimental and theoretical probability distributions to make judgments about the likelihood of various outcomes in uncertain situations.	Calculate the probability of an event happening by using appropriate probability techniques. Conduct experiments which provide data that can be used to predict the probability of an event happening.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.7.11E	Solve problems involving independent simple and compound events.	Determine probabilities of independent simple or compound events and use the information to solve problem situations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.8 Standard: Algebra and Functions Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.8.11B	Give examples of patterns that occur in data from other disciplines.	List examples of patterns that occur in data from real-life situations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11C	Use patterns, sequences and series to solve routine and non-routine problems.	Solve problems that contain patterns, sequences, and series.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11D	Formulate expressions, equations, and inequalities to model routine and non-routine problem situations.	Formulate expressions, equations, and inequalities to model routine and non-routine problem situations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11F	Identify whether systems of equations are consistent or inconsistent.	Find, if possible, the time where the charges for utilities from different companies are the same.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11G	Analyze and explain systems of equations.	Compare and contrast the consumer charges based on time for utilities (or other related situation e.g., renting a car) after writing linear equations for each company and solving the related system of equations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11H	Select and use an appropriate strategy to solve systems of equations.	Solve a system of equations by graphing or using algebra (elimination or substitution). Determine the most appropriate strategy to use when solving a system of equations.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11N	Solve linear equations symbolically and graphically.	Solve linear equations by symbol manipulation. Solve linear equations graphically.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11O	Determine the domain and range of a relation, given a graph or set of ordered pairs.	Using a graph or set of ordered pairs, find the domain and range of a relation.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11Q	Represent functional relationships in tables, charts and graphs.	Represent linear functions in tables. Represent linear functions graphically.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.8.11R	Create and interpret functional models.	Use known relationships from real-life to create a graph that shows the relationships and use the graph to answer questions.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.9 Standard: Geometry Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.9.11A	Construct geometric figures using geometry tools.	Construct various geometric figures using a compass, straight-edge, and a protractor.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.9.11D	Identify corresponding parts in congruent triangles to solve problems.	Solve problems that involve congruent triangles by writing proportions that compare corresponding parts.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.9.11F	Use the properties of angles, arcs, chords, tangents and secants to solve problems involving circles.	Solve problems involving circles and their properties.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.9.11I	Model situations geometrically to formulate and solve problems.	Draw diagrams to help solve a problem situation.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.10 Standard: Trigonometry Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.10.11B	Identify, create and solve practical problems involving right triangles using the Pythagorean Theorem.	Solve right triangle problems by using the Pythagorean Theorem. Find examples of right triangle problem situations in real-life.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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Strand: 2.11 Standard: Concepts of Calculus Course: Consumer Math
	Course Objectives	Performance Indicators	Assessment Options
2.11.11A	Determine maximum and minimum values of a function over a specified interval.	Find a maximum or minimum value over a specified interval.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.11.11B	Interpret maximum and minimum values in problem situations.	Determine if a solution is a maximum or minimum value for a problem situation.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.11.11C	Interpret rates of growth/decay.	Using a graph that compares braking distance and speed of an automobile, find answers to questions about the situation. Using graphs that show total amount of money in a compound interest situation and time, find answers to questions about the situation. Using graphs that show growth or decay situations, find answers to questions about the situation.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.11.11D	Determine sums of finite sequences of numbers.	Find the total amount of money in a compound interest account for a given situation. Find the sum for finite sequences of numbers.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response
2.11.11E	Estimate areas under curves.	After graphing a curve on graph paper, find an estimated area for the curve by counting squares contained in or under the curves.	Observation Evaluate written work Performance assessments Tests, quizzes Problem solving journal/activity Evaluate oral response

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District Recommended Instructional Approaches For the Course

To Drive Teacher’s Instructional Activities

Whole group instruction
Small group instruction
Projects
Class discussion
Peer evaluation
Teacher and peer conferencing
Oral presentations
Individual instruction
Research
Dramatization
Role playing
Independent reading
Read aloud
Directed reading-thinking activities
Modeling process
Games
Self-reflection
Self-evaluation
Independent study
Guest speaker
Guest reading
Writing activities
Thematic units
Student generated notebook that can be used with tests and quizzes
Study Guides
Computer technology

Grades 9-12

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